In the 21st century there are all different kinds of piments or chilis available in France. Something that’s spicy is pimenté.
Espelettes, grown in the Basque country, are the only pure French kind; most of the others use the same names as English.
piment doux or piment végétarien: flavourful chilis that are not hot
piment fort: hot chili (usually cayenne)
piments à oiseaux or piment langue d’oiseaux: Thai bird chilis
piment piquant: hot spicy chili
piment d’Antillais: (or Martinique or Sénégal) habanero or Scotch bonnet
Image by Lotus Head, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa