Anything that’s a Cucurbita, or as the French call them, lescucurbitacées is a courge. Most are grown in the warmer southern part of France. Some popular ones include cougettes, pumpkins (potirons or citrouilles) and...
Courge Butternut: a familiar squash to English speakers, now increasingly popular in France, often made into soups.
Courgette Gold Rush: long yellow courgette but with a firmer texture; available in summer.
Courge de Hokkaïdo or potimarron de Hokkaïdo: Red kuri squash. Small and round, orange, blue grey or green, a winter squash with a thin edible skin and delicate flavour. Related to the Hubbard.
Images by BetacommandBot on Wikimedia Commons, Jamain, PD art