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Tuscany

A region that needs no introduction, but there’s more to it, however, than the enchanting art cities and landscapes, including simple food that Tuscans will tell you brings out the best in their excellent wines: bistecca alla fiorentina, arista and cacciucco from Livorno may be banner dishes, but also lots of fagioli, and cucina povera dishes such as pappa al pomodoro, acquacotta, ribollita and panzanella.

The name is derived from Tuscia, the Latin word for the 'land of the Etruscans', who moved into the area in the latter part of the second millennium BC.

Accasciato

a rare cow's and buffalo's milk cheese

acquacotta

poor man's soup

arista

pork roast

Baccellone

a Tuscan sheep cheese

bardiccio fiorentino

Florentine sausage

bargigli

wattles

bargnolino

sloe gin

befanini

Christmas shortbread cookies

berlingozzo

dense ring cake flavoured with aniseeds

berriquocoli

biscuits stuffed with walnuts and candied ceder

Biadina

amaro from Lucca

biroldo

ancient Tuscan blood sausage

bistecca

steak

bocca di dama

ancient Tuscan cake, or Puglian breast-shaped pastries

bollo

round sweet bread flavoured with anise

bomboloni

filled doughnuts

bordatino

kale, bean, and corn flour soup

bottarga

tuna or mullet roe

briciolata

fried bread crumbs

brigidini

crispy aniseed flavoured wafers

brigoli

fat homemade spaghetti

brustico

lake fish grilled on reeds

brutti ma buoni

'ugly but good' cookies

buccellato

Sicilian fruitcake

budello

intestines

buglione

rich meaty ragù

buristo

a Tuscan sausage

cacciucco

fish soup

cacio

semi-soft cheese

caldaro dell'Argentario

Fish soup

canestrelli

scallops or cookies

cantucci

hard almond biscuits

carabaccia

onion soup

carcerato

Tuscan offal soup

castagna

chestnut

castagnacci

flat chestnut cake

cavallucci

'little horse' Christmas cookies

ceci

chick peas

cervello

brains

Chianina

the beef in the bistecca fiorentina

ciacci

chestnut flour crepes

ciaccia

puffy flat bread

cibreo

cockscombs and chicken giblet stew

ciccia

red meat

cinghiale

wild boar

cinque e cinque (5e5)

chick pea sandwich

cinta senese

Tuscan swine

cioncia

a stew made of veal cheek, muzzle, ears and tail

Classico

the historic classification

coccoli

delicate fried balls of bread dough

collo

neck

copate

thin wafer sandwiches

covaccino

Tuscan focaccia

creste di gallo

cock's combs

crostini

appetizers on toast or bread (or croutons)

crusca

bran (and an Academy)

dolceforte

sweet sauce for gamey meat

donzelline

fried bread or pizza dough rectangles

fagiano

pheasant

fagioli

beans, beans, beans and more beans

fagioli al fiasco

beans cooked in a flask

farinata

chickpea pie

fegatelli

pigs liver

fegatini

chicken livers

fettunta

toasted bread and olive oil

fico

fig

finocchiona

Tuscan fennel-flavoured salami

focaccette

fried cheese-filled pastries or puffed flat breads

francesina

left over boiled beef with onions and tomatoes

Galliano

yellow herbal liqueur from Livorno

garmugia

spring vegetable soup from Lucca

ginestrata

newlyweds' soup

gnudi

nudies!

gota

cured pig's cheek

gurguglione

summer vegetable stew from Elba

Guttus

Tuscan blue cheese

lampredotto

fourth stomach of the cow

lardo

fatback

lasagne

long flat sheets of pasta

lepre

hare

maccheroni

macaroni, and more

mallegato

Pisan blood sausage

marocca di Casola

chestnut flour bread

Marzolino

a Tuscan sheep cheese

miele

honey

migliaccio

semolina or chestnut flour or pig's blood cake

milza

spleen

mortadella

The Pink Queen of Bologna

necci

chestnut-flour crêpes

nepitella

a kind of mint

nervetti

beef or veal tendons

oliva

olive

palamita

Atlantic bonito

pane

bread

pane di Terni

the loaf of controversy

pane sciocco

'tasteless bread'

panforte

fruit and nut Christmas cake

panigacci

flat breads baked on stacks of round discs

pannicelli

egg pasta pillows

panzanella

Tuscan bread salad or flat bread

pappa (al pomodoro)

tomato and bread soup

pappagorgia

dew lap (or wattle)

pappardelle

wide pasta ribbons

pasimata

Holy Week cake

passito

straw wine, wine from dried grapes

patata

potato

pecorino

sheep's milk cheese

peposo

peppery beef stew invented in the Renaissance

pesca

peach

pesche

soft cream-filled brioches

pici

fat square Tuscan spaghetti

pollo

chicken

pomarola

tomato, garlic and basil sauce

ponce

hot coffee, alcohol and lemon, Livorno style

poppa

udder

prosciutto

ham

prugnolo

sloe

rana

frog

Raviggiolo

fresh cheese

ribollita

Tuscan vegetable soup

ricciarelli

Tuscan almond meringue biscuits

rigaglie

giblets, or an offal stew

rosticciana

Tuscan style barbecued ribs

rumme

alcohol, sugar, dark caramel and rum flavouring

salviata

eggs baked with cheese and sage

sbroscia

lake fish soup

scagliozzi

fried slices of polenta

scarpaccia

courgette tart

scaveccio

fried marinated eel

schiacciata

flat or fluffy breads

Scoppolato di Pedona

'Big foot's' sheep cheese

scottiglia

mixed meat stew

sfratto

pastry filled with walnuts, honey and spices

sgabeo

strips of fried bread

soppressata

pressed salami

spongata

Christmas cake filled with fruit and nuts

sportella

very feminine sweet cake

stoccafisso

stockfish, or wind-dried cod

strapponi

egg pasta ribbons torn by hand

Supertuscans

rebel wines

tarese Valdarno

Tuscan mountain bacon

tartufo

truffle

testa

head cheese, brawn

testaroli

fried and then boiled pasta

testicciola

lamb's head—or skull

tordellata

deconstructed tortelli

torta di riso

rice tart

tortelli

filled pasta

trippa

tripe

Tuada

'cellar' sheep's cheese from the Garfagnana

uva

grape

ventresca

tuna (or pork) belly

vignarola

the soup of spring

vin santo

'holy wine' made from raisins

zampa

trotter

zimino

cooked with spinach or chard and tomatoes

zuccherini

sugar cookies

zuccotto

semi-frozen dessert

Text © Dana Facaros & Michael Pauls